• Portable: This innovation uses a disposable, handheld device without bulky or costly equipment, which is expected to be especially useful in low-resource settings.
• Simple: It is designed to achieve results similar to those from a commercial flow cytometer but without requiring initial purification.
• Recoverable samples: Unlike commercial systems, the analyzed sample can be recovered for further tests at the end of the analysis.

• Compact: Provides a fully integrated package with a smaller footprint (30 μm x 30 μm) compared with CMOS-MEMS configurations
• Robust: Offers higher sensitivity and enhanced detection limit compared with the previous state of the art
• Low noise: Lowers shot noise levels associated with electronics and MEMS circuitry by eliminating the need for circuitry like electronic amplifiers

• High performance: Provides efficient, practical, and manufacturable optical computing solutions for a variety of platforms
• Efficient: Permits a new way of designing high-performance computing and decision-making tasks using manufacturable solutions with high-speed processing, despite fabrication imperfections
• Flexible: Offers photonic chips in a variety of material platforms (i.e., silicon, silicon nitride) and meta-surface arrays implemented in hybrid platforms that combine dielectrics and nonlinear/reconfigurable materials

• Fast: Enables highly dense pixels with fast (nanosecond) switching capability
• Scalable: Can be fabricated with features down to nanometer sizes; the overall device can incorporate several meta-surfaces with different features over a large-size wafer
• Agile: Offers high switching robustness (up to 1012 cycles)

• Sustainable: Harvests energy from the environment to minimize the use of non-renewable materials for power
• Highly efficient: Exhibits an unprecedented conversion efficiency of 50% to 85%, an area power density of 313 watts per square meter, and a volume power density of 340 kilowatts per cubic meter
• Powerful: Integrates with several other TENGs for output power of 1 megawatt

• Powerful: Improves probability of absorption via a novel light-trapping geometry
• Practical: Eliminates the need for heavy, complex, costly, and failure-prone mechanical systems required by traditional planar PV cells to track the sun
• Reliable: Improves photon absorption probability even at off-normal azimuth angles, leading to more predictable performance across all seasons for terrestrial applications

• High capacity: Utilizes optical electromagnetic frequencies for transmission to bypass the crowding from other wireless service providers
• Sustainable: Sources renewable energy via the TENG
• Practical: Contains parameters and techniques that can be optimized for different circumstances

• Efficient: Achieves rapid and universal pathogen inactivation with low power consumption
• Flexible: Features a configurable structure that can be placed easily into existing pipeline systems
• Chemical-free: Permits disinfection without the addition of chemicals that generate harmful and carcinogenic byproducts

Safety: intrinsically limited charge transfer and current provide better safety for both personnel and instruments.

Cost-effectiveness: the TENG was simply operated using a rotary motor and the cost of the TENG device and boost circuit is less than 100 USD, while a commercial DC HV power source usually costs more than 1000 USD.

Controllability: owing to the charge dominating output characteristic of TENG, the droplet jetting frequency could be controlled by the TENG operation frequency.

• Compact – Easily used for small electronics
• Energy saving – Harnesses energy from human body and water wave motions

• Smaller size
• More power efficient

• More efficient electric propulsion
• Reduced power and mass expenditures
• Does not require gas flow to emit electrons

• Conductive – Anchored CNT structures achieve high electrical conductivity
• Strong – CNTs and metal substrates have high adhesion strength
• Heat resistant – Anchored CNT structures have high thermal resistance

• Improved power generation
• Extended service life

• Can be operated under ambient temperature and pressure
• Higher chemical and spatial resolution than currently exists
• Has the ability to pair mass spectrometry to microscopy

• Increased solar conversion efficiency
• Fibers increase the surface area of light exposure

• Remote function
• Greater mobility
• Can be hidden and located off the surface where sunlight is unavailable

• Greater than 106 improvement in the rate of nanowire synthesis compared with the current state-of-the-art
• Applicable to diverse classes of materials, dopant concentrations, and morphologies
• Superstructure assembly is programmable via tip geometry and is material independent

• Selective: Operates only in high shear blood flow as in a stenosis
• Improved Safety: Reduces the risk of bleeding complications from slow bleeds

• Optimization of the optical detection sensitivity in air or liquid
• Mini AFM configuration able to form images in very small volumes
• Multi-tip nanosensors with simultaneous, multifunctional capabilities